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Does Increased Affordable Housing Mean that Housing is Affordable for All?

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It would be hard to argue that recent municipal leadership has not been all in on efforts to create more affordable housing around Princeton. This creates opportunities where moderate, (defined as those making 50-80% of the Area Median Income for the area), low (those making below 50% of the median) and very low-income earners (those earning below 30% of the median income) can apply for housing and thereby afford to live in town. Qualifications for affordable housing are determined not only by income but also how many live in your household. In our region, for 2024, that max was anyone earning below $137,337 for 8+ person household and down to $72,830 for a single-person household. While most residents appreciate the economic diversity affordable housing brings, and admit more has been needed, some are raising concerns that simultaneous actions and decisions by local leaders are making the town unaffordable for others that already or seek to live here. It is a balancing act that can often be quite difficult but cannot be overlooked.

The majority of taxes are paid by higher-end homeowners, whose property taxes continue to increase. Many of their home values increase as well, but if their income levels change and they intend to stay in their homes and not sell, the tax increases can outpace many mortgage payments and become unaffordable. And what about the middle-income homeowners, is there enough housing for them to afford Princeton? Many affordable housing developments are tax-exempt, instead making an annual payment in lieu of taxes (PILOT). In some ways PILOTs may benefit Princeton as a whole, but individual taxpayers, at least in the short term, can bear the brunt.

AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND ITS HISTORICAL IMPACT

As March 24th marked the 50-year anniversary of the Mount Laurel Decision, it is timely to reacquaint ourselves with what this means and how it’s led to today’s increased amounts of affordable housing. This landmark 1975 ruling by the New Jersey Supreme Court, provided that municipalities cannot have zoning that excludes lower income residents and mandated that every town in the state has an obligation to provide its fair share of affordable housing. That means each town/city must have a plan for creating living opportunities for lower-income earners, based on what the state determines is needed. It was not until the Fair Housing Act (FHA) was enacted in 1985 that Mount Laurel was implemented. FHA created Council on Affordable Housing (COAH) to oversee the rollout in New Jersey, and it did create two rounds of housing rules municipalities were to abide by.

But it was not operating efficiently, and many municipalities were still not providing enough affordable housing (and some wealthier towns were paying poorer towns to take on their obligations). So, in 2015, a new court decision demanded that everyone must truly do its part. That year the NJ Supreme Court ruled that lower courts would be given the power to ensure municipalities meet their fair share. It took another four years for Princeton to come to a settlement on how much housing would be required, at which point it got credit for some housing that had been built over the years and was mandated to create more. Princeton has since had to play catch up and meet its Third Round 2015-2025 mandate, resulting in what has often felt like a lot of development in a very short time. The municipality today has either had past-mandated affordable housing built or has locked in commitments to do so. Simultaneously, they are looking ahead to stay on top of the Fourth Round mandates which came out for 2025-2035.

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Avalon Princeton Circle (at Thanet) and the adjacent Princeton Senior Living, The Alice, Avalon on Harrison and others have all recently been built. These contribute to meeting the needs in both municipal/grant/PILOT- funded all-affordable structures as well as private inclusionary ones (a mix of market rate and affordable units within the same building). Units on Nassau Street, Terhune Road and a development still to be built at the former Princeton Seminary site are amongst those that will additionally help Princeton meet its goals.

“Princeton’s Third Round prospective need affordable housing obligation was 753, and most of these units have now been built,” explains Council President Mia Sacks. “The town’s prospective need obligation for the Fourth Round is 276 — minus 25% for bonus credits — which means we must provide a realistic opportunity for 207 units to be constructed over the next ten years.”

Credit: RPM Development Group

Residences at Herrontown is the newest apartment complex offering affordable units in Princeton. The building, at the former SAVE animal shelter site, has 1, 2 and 3-bedrooms apartments which will include both market rate and affordable options. Owned/managed by affordable housing developer RPM LLC, it was partially built with a $2.5m municipal contribution and financing through the NJ Housing and Mortgage Financing Agency’s 9% tax credit program. Lottery applications are now being accepted for the 64 affordable units, open to low-income earners, people earning 50% or less of the Area Median income (2025s income limits are not out yet, but for 2024 this meant below $65,027 for a 4-person household). All those who submit eligible applications by 11pm on April 30th will be part of the random selection, and the Affordable Housing office can help you clarify your eligibility.

HOUSING THAT’S AFFORDABLE FOR ALL

Such options are an amazing opportunity for those with lower incomes that are new to the area or looking for a new place. It gives them a chance to be in Princeton in a brand-new apartment with a courtyard, playground, laundry and a clubhouse on site. While few are against such offerings, there are those that earn even just a little bit too much, that wish they had such opportunities as well. As previously mentioned, there have also been many buildings like this added into Princeton in just the past few years. Weichert Realtor Beatrice Bloom says she’s finding many clients who are aging or no longer have children at home and wish to leave their larger house and move into a 2 or 3-bedroom but are not finding options they find affordable amongst the new apartment units available to them (where market rate units often go for several thousand).

“I work with many clients who are ready to downsize now that their kids are out of the house, but their options are super limited. Most of what’s available are small, expensive two-bedroom condos that don’t make financial sense compared to their current mortgages,” says Bloom.

Despite so many new units, such lack of lower-cost inventory can push residents, now on limited incomes or with an empty nest, out of Princeton. Simultaneously, these units bring in other residents that arrive with more school-age children. As was expressed in the proposal for the recent Princeton Public Schools (PPS) referendum, nearly 1,000 additional students are expected to come into the school system from the new apartment complexes over the next five years. This further strains an already squeezed district. To ameliorate things, a $89.9m bond referendum was approved in January. It will provide great funding for the schools, but the money will mostly be coming from homeowning taxpayers. Princeton is already by far the highest taxed municipality in Mercer County. Now, based on the tentatively approved school budget (final approval is April 29th), for the average assessed home in Princeton valued at $857,000, the referendum and 2025-2026 tax increase will add $433 annually to ones’ property bill. On top of that, there are both the municipal and county tax rates.

PROPETY TAX INCREASES

At the March 10th Council Meeting, Princeton’s Chief Financial Officer Sandra Webb detailed the efforts that went into establishing the 2025 municipal budget. Tax increases were mitigated by things like $874,000 in reductions on department budgets, but with 43% of the overall monies needed for things the government has little control over, Webb explained there will still need to be a 3% increase.

“We are aggressive in reviewing proposed budgets and spending plans. To get to that we met with every department and reviewed their operating budgets line item by line item,” Princeton Mayor Mark Freda further explains. “Likewise for our 2025 capital budget requests we literally cut 50% of the requests out of the budget.”

After all of this, the budget was approved last night, April 14th. With the municipal part plus library costs, the average assessed home will see this portion of their taxes increase $134 this year. Added to the referendum increase, that is $567 more in taxes.

And then there is the third part of the property tax bill, the county line. On April 10th, Mercer County Executive Dan Benson presented his proposed budget to the Board of County Commissioners. This presentation offered a decrease in the overall tax rate by more than 6%. A decrease could surely make things more affordable! But such a proposal does not necessarily mean that county portion of your tax bill is going to be decreased.

“The County portion of the municipal tax rate cannot be finalized until the state certifies the budgets of each level of government and the towns determine any tax appeals or any changes in local ratable base. Even if the county equalized rate decreased, some municipalities may in fact see an increase and some may see a decrease based on the factors above. We expect to have these rates sometime after budget adoption.”

The County Commissioners will hold meetings and further discuss the budget before approving and finalizing any rates. Precisely what rate will be reflected in your Princeton tax bill is expected to be finalized in late May or early June. That will have to be added to Princeton’s municipal (plus library) portion and the school taxes, to provide an accurate overall property bill for the average assessed home for 2025.

“I’ve noticed more homeowners—even those buying at higher price points—are voicing concerns about taxes. This is especially true for people moving here from places with lower taxes or even just from nearby towns. A lot of folks were surprised that the 2024 school referendum passed since it was pretty aggressive, but at the same time, it’s exciting to think about what the town could look like in 20 years, especially with things like the Westminster property and other open spaces being preserved,” Bloom shares. “The big question now is: can Princeton grow in a way that balances equity, sustainability, and the needs of longtime residents—before the things that make it special start to push people out?”

HOMEOWNER CONCERNS

One of those longtime Princeton residents is Gabriella Milley, who has lived in the same house for 20 years, over which she’s seen her taxes double. She welcomes affordable housing and wants Princeton Schools to continue to be strong and diverse. But Milley says at some point leadership is going to need to get more creative, especially with school needs, or many will not be able to afford to own or live here.

“Why can’t part of the cost of these major improvements be covered via fundraising (the way private schools do it)? If a concerted effort was made to fundraise, much funding would come in the form of tax-deductible contributions (think appreciated stock) that would alleviate the amount needed to be raised via tax increases,” Milley suggests. “We need a problem-solving attitude by our town leaders, instead of the easy way out of simply increasing taxes on households.”

A Retirement Income Certified Planner, Milley works with older Princetonians. Many had thought they’d properly set themselves up for retirement by paying down their mortgages but have since found that their monthly tax burdens have grown so much it is as if they still had large mortgage payments. She and her clients are finding the formula for funding (our schools and taxes) is not sustainable.

“Their retirement benefits are not increasing as fast as their tax burden, or medical expenses, etc.,” Milley explains. “Some retirees are being forced to re-mortgage their homes so they can have some cash flow. Others are renting a room in their property to students so they can foot the bills.”

FINDING THE BALANCE

It is rare, though not impossible, to see property tax bills go down. Will the County rate enable this to happen? What else needs to shift to make Princeton more affordable for all? Mayor Freda and Council have chosen to build the most recent affordable housing units at developers’ expense, to save taxpayers from funding them. But taxpayers are still responsible to pay towards the municipal and county budgets, as well as the school portion which made up 47% of last year’s tax bill.

There is no question that Princeton residents love the diversity of the people here, and it’s often a factor in why they chose to live here. It is for this reason most appreciate affordable housing opportunities that welcome those that otherwise would not be able to pay for a Princeton home. But what about the diversity of age, and long-term residents that are invested in their community? What about those middle-income-earners? Will Princeton’s affordability keep new families and others from moving in?

Some of the new affordable housing apartments and townhouses will enable seniors on fixed incomes to relocate in town. For others, who are not of qualifying age or whose income is still too high to qualify, time will tell if and how Princeton can maintain affordability for all.

It Takes a Community to Be More Green

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Building a sustainable community takes, well, a community. Over the past few weeks and in the month ahead, local individuals, organizations and the municipality are all taking more steps towards greater sustainability. Together, they are hoping a cleaner future is possible.

MUNICIPAL GREEN TEAM

Within the Princeton government, continued efforts have been made to bring people together “to save tax dollars, maintain clean air and water, improve working and living environments to build a community that is sustainable economically, environmentally, and socially,” states Princeton Council’s March 10th Resolution Appointing a Municipal Green Team for 2025. It also aims to “implement actions within the Princeton Climate Action Plan, build a community that offers middle-income housing and a thriving business community and to continue focusing on sustainability and documenting its efforts by maintaining its certification under the Sustainable Jersey Program.”

Towards this effort, Mayor and Council approved the resolution and have appointed members of Princeton’s Boards, Committees and Commissions, municipal employees and those from Sustainable Princeton to advise the Mayor and Council. Working together with people from different departments and groups can bring varying perspectives, goals and ideas. The hope is that will lead to more initiatives and an environment that is more green, economical and enduring.

“Being more green isn’t just about the environment—it’s about creating healthier homes, more resilient communities, and a future we can all look forward to,” explains Christine Symington, Sustainable Princeton’s Executive Director and a member of the 2025 Municipal Green Team. “The more we contribute, the more momentum we build, and the greater the change we can achieve together.”

LOCAL SCHOOLS TAKE PART

In addition to the local government efforts, all six Princeton Public Schools have their own Green Teams and are certified through Sustainable for Jersey Schools. This means they are amongst the leaders when it comes to environmental initiatives and efforts. Doing so also makes them eligible for grant money, to further the cause – money which was just awarded to three of the schools. The $2,000 Sustainable for Jersey School grants, funded by the New Jersey Education Association (NJEA), were handed out at the end of March to Community Park School, Littlebrook School and Princeton Middle School.

“We hope this funding serves as a catalyst for transformative sustainability initiatives, sparking greater awareness and positive change throughout your community,” said Sustainable Jersey Executive Director Randall Solomon.

At Community Park, efforts have been underway to transition from disposable to reusable service ware. With the grant, the school will have the ability to purchase a full set of cutleries, get the supplies needed to collect and sanitize utensils and further educate its students about sustainability. Littlebrook is also planning to use the grant to transition to reusable wares for both its classroom and cafeteria.

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“We are grateful for this Sustainable Jersey-NJEA grant, which will help Littlebrook Elementary further our commitment to sustainability. Expanding our collection of reusable wares supports our growing student body while reducing waste and fostering environmental responsibility,” shares Luis Ramirez, Principal at Littlebrook.

Princeton Middle School is going to use its money outside of the school, growing its sustainability initiatives through hands-on design, build and maintenance of a new outdoor compost system where four grow boxes are to be built to host worm composting.

RESIDENTS HAVE A ROLE

But it’s not just Princeton’s public entities alone that are working to help create a greater sustainable community. Individuals around town are joining in, too, by utilizing offerings that can help them be greener. For example, Princeton’s Food Scraps Drop-off Program, allows approved residents to drop their leftover scraps to be collected and composted into energy or soil, rather than contributed to landfills. What was once a small pilot program now has more than 320 residents and has recently expanded to provide five local drop-off sites: at the Municipal building, Monument Hall, and Johnson Park, Riverside and Littlebrook Elementary Schools.

Further assisting in keeping things out of landfills, in 2024, Mercer County residents helped to achieve a 54% recycling rate. And in 2025, it got even easier to do this as more things became recyclable. In January, the Mercer County Improvement Authority began accepting plastics labeled #5 (polypropylene), in addition to the already accepted #1 and #2 items. Polypropylene are the 2nd most common type of plastic, so adding these to your recycling protocol will likely make an even larger impact this year.

“We’re grateful to be part of a community of individuals, organizations, and institutions working toward a more sustainable future. While large-scale change is critical, it’s equally true that every person, household, and group in Princeton has a vital role to play. Climate change is a collective challenge, and it requires a collective response,” Symington adds.

If you want to learn more or get involved in community efforts, Earth Day is coming up on April 22nd, which has spurred many organizations to open up environmental experiences for the greater community. Here are some happenings you can take part in:

April 22nd – Young farmers are invited to Terhune Orchards where the Read & Pick will focus on growing and planting. Everyone will leave with their own seeds to plant at home. Advanced registration is required.

April 25th – Head to Princeton University’s Frist South Lawn for the Earth Month Festival (from 12:30-3:30pm). Sustainability-themed organizations will be on site to share ideas, activities and even free succulents!

April 26th – Billy Johnson Mountain Lakes Nature Preserve will be the site of an Earth Day Community Volunteer Event coordinated by Friends of Princeton Open Space. Come help perform riparian and forest restoration including removing invasive species, plantings and building protection for native plants. Meet in the Mountain Lakes House Parking lot (at the end of the long driveway) at 10am or 1pm dressed to garden, and with your own work gloves and tools, if you have them. All volunteers are also invited to an on-site potluck picnic at noon.

April 27th – Party Like it’s Your Earth Day @ Morven Museum as it joins forces with Sustainable Princeton for earth-friendly fun from 11am-3pm. The day includes a yoga experience (registration required), garden tour and even a Trashion Show, where recycled and repurposed materials will be shared as creative new fashions! You can stop by to see them, or enter the competition yourself. There’s also going to be food, music and more. If you attend, you are asked to bring old clothes or books for a swap or repurposing. Bring your reusable water bottle as well and blanket to sit and enjoy the experiences!

Editor’s Note

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Enjoying the sun and unseasonal temperatures? Weather in New Jersey is expected to be warmer than normal this March. So, it is no surprise that people are seeming happier and looking forward to the seasonal change.

This month, Princeton Perspectives issue It’s March…Time for Spring Awakenings helps to enlighten you to things that are happening around you this season– from health and politics to culture and nature. There is so much to be alert for.

What do you look forward to as spring arrives? That’s what we asked locals to share with us in this month’s Pulse of Princeton video. It’s amazing how a little warmth, sun and the new season brings about so much positivity.

Though it’s not always positive, it is important to pay attention to what is going on around you. The article Wake Up! Be Alert to Changes Happening in the Area this Spring sheds light on things that every local may want to know before you head out, to stay safe and be informed.

Speaking of being informed, did you know that you can help the local ecosystem by carefully choosing what you put into your flower beds? Bring Life to Your Yard, Plant Natives this Spring shares what to choose to benefit both yourself and the environment around you.

As spring awakens, so do the animals and pests that have been out of sight and mind for several months. What You Can Expect as Animals Come out of Hibernation takes a detailed look at which creatures you might see, who is a danger and how each should be handled.

As we get to know the plants and animals around us, it is always wonderful to get to know our friends and neighbors better, too. The Hindu community celebrates this season, and we detail their holiday, all the joy it brings and how you can experience it in the article Through its Vibrant Colors, Holi Welcomes Spring.

As we look forward, we also are happy to share with you updated information on stories we’ve brought you in the past. This month, Perspectives Revisited shares some efforts underway to make improvements both when it comes to voting and traveling on the roadways. Read on to find out more!

We hope our March issue helps you to welcome spring and all the wonders and excitement that comes with it.

Pulse of Princeton: What do you look forward to as spring arrives?

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Wake Up! Be Alert to Changes Happening in the Area this Spring

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There have been many days throughout this winter where one likely felt a desire to hibernate. Momentary bouts of sun and warmer weather enticed people out briefly, then sudden drops back into frigid temperatures (and groundhog Punxsutawney Phil seeing his shadow) reminded us winter is still here. Well, it is time for spring (officially it arrives on March 20th) so wake up and pay attention to what is happening around you.

BE PREPARED TO FLY

If you have a trip planned or are hoping to fly somewhere in the days, weeks or months following May 7th, that date is fast approaching. It is on May 7th that enforcement of REAL ID driver licenses begins at airports. If you’ve been asleep, REAL IDs are a newer format of federal identification that is being instituted to prevent people from using fraudulent identification. It is NOT a driving requirement – you can still drive with a standard driver license. However, without one, you will need to carry a U.S. passport or other approved citizenship/resident ID for TSA airport screening.

To get a REAL ID, you simply need to request this format at your license renewal, or if you do not have a license expiring within three months, make a non-renewal appointment at the Motor Vehicle Commission (MVC). Seems simple, right? Not quite so. If you go to the website for non-renewal right now, you will likely find there are no appointments available. High demand as the drop-dead date is approaching, is making appointments hard to come by, and getting many nervous.

“The MVC monitors appointment availability and will regularly add and reallocate appointments to better meet the demand for specific services. Earlier this month, for instance, we opened an additional 36,000 REAL ID non-renewal appointments,” explains William Connolly, MVC Spokesperson. “In addition to the appointments currently available, approximately 3,000 new appointments for REAL ID upgrades are added each business day at 7 a.m.”

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The MVC has since announced the start of “REAL ID Thursdays,” whereby nearly 4,500 new appointments will be added every Thursday. These appointment slots can be found on the scheduler. Starting April 5th, the MVC will also host REAL ID Mobile Units every Saturday. These opportunities will be added to the scheduler later this month.

When you do land one, make sure you arrive prepared with 2 proofs of residential address, 1 verifiable Social Security number, and identity documents that add up to 6 REAL ID Points.

IMPACTS OF AVIAN FLU

Another imminent issue is Avian flu, more commonly known as bird flu, and it is impacting every egg-eating American no matter where you live. Last spring you could buy a dozen large Grade A eggs for as low as $1.54. That same purchase today is $8.19 for Shoprite of Lawrenceville’s Bowl & Basket brand and can cost as low as $4.50/dozen at the Quakerbridge Costco. Why? In the last quarter of 2024, the U.S. lost more than 20 million egg-laying chickens due to this flu. Fewer eggs = higher prices.

Some locals are turning to nearby farms to purchase their eggs, such as at Griggstown Farm on Bunker Hill Road. One dozen chicken eggs were recently $8, and quail eggs were available at $6.50 for a package.

There is hope for some relief, though it may take a bit of time. In late February, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced a $1 billion-dollar strategy to curb the disease that is impacting the U.S. poultry industry and spiking egg prices. The monies will go towards biosecurity measures, financial relief to impacted farmers and vaccine research. What does this mean? It is suspected that wild birds infect farm stock, so the biosecurity measures could go far in preventing that. Once infected, the flocks must be depopulated, so relief aid could assist in repopulation efforts. USDA is also exploring options to increase the import of eggs to help lower todays’ costs. In a press conference late February by the USDA chief, it was shared that Turkey has already stated it will export an additional 15,000 tons of eggs to the U.S. between now and July.

To date, there are minimal confirmed instances of bird flu in Mercer County. A bald eagle was discovered in a yard near Carnegie Lake in late 2024. Because it had no obvious signs of death, it was taken and tested and results shared just recently confirm bird flu was the cause of death. Since then, some other dead birds (geese, vulture and a great horned owl) were found in Princeton and there is suspicion of bird flu, though it is not laboratory confirmed. Additionally, the bird flu was found in poultry at a live bird market in Ewing in early March. No infected poultry were sold to the public and the market was quarantined and temporarily closed. There have additionally been 2 reported cases of infected cats in Hunterdon County as well as confirmed detections in wild birds in Warren and Salem Counties and of wild geese in Burlington and Monmouth Counties.

“Fortunately, we have not seen sustained person-to-person transmission. However, the situation requires continuous monitoring and vigilant public health surveillance in case any changes indicate easier spread,” notes Jeff Grosser, Princeton Health Officer.

The threat to humans remains low, though there have been three human cases of bird flu reported nationwide (all people who worked in the industry). None have been reported in NJ.

AID IN EDUCATION

Turning from health to educational concerns…we shared last month about worries some have due to U.S. Department of Education changes, as NJ receives over $1b in Federal funding for its schools. Last week, nearly 50% of the department’s workforce was reduced, eliminating 2,183 workers. Time will tell what, if any, impacts there may be in terms of federal financial supports, but we do know that the New Jersey Department of Education has come out with its state aid calculations for 2025-2026. It brings both good and bad news for Mercer County.

While six local school districts are seeing an increase in state aid (up as much as 6%), four districts will see their aid cut.

East Windsor, West Windsor, Robbinsville and Princeton will have state aid reductions, down from 1.6-3%. Princeton Public Schools (PPS) loss of 3% ($174,774) is going to be offset greatly by a decrease in projected Princeton Charter School tuitions (a $114,710 savings). The tentative budget, which does not anticipate making any cuts due to the $60,064 loss, is expected to be approved tonight, March 18th,  with final adoption in late April.

“While we are disappointed in the small net reduction of state aid, we are grateful that it wasn’t more impactful to our budget,” says Matt Bouldin, PPS Business Administrator (who is expected to announce at tonight’s meeting that he is leaving PPS in June for another district).

Meanwhile, local school districts including Ewing, Hopewell Valley, Lawrence, Mercer County Vocational and Trenton, saw increases of state aid from .5% up to 6.16%.

EXPERIENCE YOUR LOCAL PARKS

As the weather begins to warm up and entice you outside, there is much to take advantage of. March 30th is Take a Walk in the Park Day, so if you haven’t been able to pull yourself out of hibernation mode yet, perhaps this will be the day!

In Princeton proper alone, there are more than 1,800 acres of parkland owned mostly by the municipality, as well as some controlled by the state, county and D&R Greenway. Amongst them you can find over 45 miles of trails.

“There is an excitement that comes with the annual approach of spring and the increased opportunities to get outside and visit Princeton’s many parks, trails and open space areas. There are so many different recreation opportunities available in the Princeton Parks system for people of all ages and interests. The Recreation Department encourages area residents to get outside this spring and summer, take advantage of the warmer weather and recreate in our many beautiful parks and open spaces,” shares Evan Moorhead, Princeton Recreation Department Executive Director.

For a full listing of all of the park and open space opportunities in Princeton, you can learn more here.

GET MOVING

So, if you’ve been sleeping through the winter, now it is time to wake up. Get your REAL ID appointment, be aware of what is happening in the community, and get yourself outside to enjoy one of the 28 parks and open space preserves Princeton owns.

As the weather warms up, there is so much to see and learn going on around you.

What You Can Expect as Animals Come out of Hibernation

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As the dark and cold turns to warmer, brighter skies, many animals and pests wake up from their winter hibernations. Their arousals can impact humans in many ways, as they exit their winter habitats, build their new homes and search for food.

Often, the spring awakening and heightened activity sparks discoveries that animals or pests are in or around your home. Sometimes they will pass through and go on their way, other times they may get trapped or find shelter on parts of your property that are problematic and may require expert help.

From racoons, skunks and foxes to bats, honey bees, salamanders and kittens – spring around Princeton means migrations, awakenings and a lot of activity.

The Amphibian Migration

When one thinks of salamanders, they often think of deep forest or mountain areas. If you travel to Florida, frogs and salamanders often jump or crawl onto the sidewalks. But it is important to know that each spring, there is a migration of frogs and salamanders right here in Princeton.

The municipality has put out an alert, asking all drivers to use caution and avoid travel on Herrontown Road between Bunn Drive and Snowden Lane on nights when the temperature is above 40°F and it is rainy, or the roads remain wet. That is when amphibians migrate from their winter homes in the forest habitats of Autumn Hill and the Lanwin property to the ponds and pools found in Herrontown Woods. Of most concern are the Spotted Salamander, Woods Frogs and Spring Peepers.

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Activity in Your Attic

Unlike the amphibians that are low to the road, bats like to roost in high, dark building areas such as in barns, garages and attics of the house. As flying insects start to reappear, bats want to make their way out to eat them. Little Brown and Big Brown bats are the most common in this area, and you are mostly likely to see them from now into August.

“If you see one in your house flying around, the best thing to do is try to isolate it. If it is in a bedroom or bathroom, close the door first! Put a towel under the door to prevent the bat from crawling out, as they can compress themselves very small,” explains Princeton Animal Control officer, Jim Ferry.

Unless you saw the bat fly into your home, there are likely others inside. So, calling local animal control or a wildlife removal company should be your first step (bats are a protected species, so cannot be exterminated). The isolation is also important, to avoid contact. If you were asleep and wake up to find one, it flies by and touches you or you actually get a bite or scratch, it will be collected for rabies testing. There is a very low rate of rabies in bats in this area, but better to be safe.

In addition to bats, racoons can make great use of attics as their seasonal warmth and shelter can create a perfect location for a den. They do not hibernate, but mating season usually occurs between January and March, so now is the time litters will start to emerge.

“Once raccoons make their way indoors, they can cause significant damage, so early detection is key to preventing costly repairs. It’s crucial to avoid creating conditions around your home that might attract skunks or raccoons,” details Pete Riccobene, Western Pest Services Princeton Branch Manager. “One of the most common mistakes homeowners make is leaving garbage outside regularly, which provides an easy food source for these animals. To deter them from nesting on or near your property, it’s essential to eliminate any available food. Secure trash bins with tight-fitting lids, avoid leaving pet food outdoors, and clean up fallen fruit or birdseed promptly.”

To avoid any harm from these potentially aggressive animals, you will also want to contact pest control or an animal control expert. For both bats and racoons, points of entry can also be sealed up, and often a one-way door can be placed to enable any remaining animals to exit and not come back in.

Wildlife at Your Doorstep

Similar to racoons, foxes are wrapping up their mating season and are now starting to den. The foxes will find underneath your porch or shed as their ideal location. Traditionally, they will live in those spaces until the end of summer, so if they are not bothering you then you can leave them as they are not inherently dangerous. Simply talk to yourself and make your presence known, and they will likely leave you alone. Adult foxes will stay nearby if there are babies (known as fox kits), and by May or June you should start seeing the kits around. Ferry says there has never been a recorded fox bite in Princeton, but if you have young children or are finding them a nuisance, you may want to urge them to leave. Noise and lighting will create enough of an annoyance to get them to relocate.

“Most foxes have a backup den. If you can put out speakers, put them face down on the floorboards so it resonates underneath and turn on talk radio. Human talking annoys them most. Leave it on for a couple of days, and you’ll see mom move the kits,” Ferry shares. “You can also shine work lights underneath the shed, that works too. They want a dark, quiet space for the little ones.”

If none of the above works, a wildlife removal company can trap the foxes for you. It is not recommended to do so on your own.

Outside your home, you may also discover pregnant feral cats this time of year. If you see one, you’re advised to call animal control right away so they can be taken before the litter is dropped and there are up to a dozen more kittens to catch. Feral cats and their little kittens can kill a lot of birds, and with bird flu around, containment is key (read Wake Up! Be Alert to Changes Happening in the Area this Spring for more detail on that). Wild cats in our area are taken to SAVE Animal Shelter where they can be adopted and loved. Older cats that have been living in the wild for a while can be harder to domesticate.

Buzzing Around

Outside of your home you are also likely to find honey bees this time of year, as they are usually one of the first insects to come out of hibernation. Don’t be alarmed if you see a large number of them nearby, it does not indicate an infestation. Rather, they are simply trying to get sustenance for their colonies.

“Honey bees are primarily focused on pollination, which is crucial to the environment. As they collect nectar and pollen from flowers, they help fertilize plants, ensuring the growth of fruits, vegetables, and wildflowers. This, in turn, supports biodiversity and strengthens ecosystems,” Riccobene describes. “Nesting typically doesn’t begin until late June or early July, so the bees you see earlier in the season are simply going about their vital work.”

The work of these early honey bees sets things up for the local ecosystem. Their pollination efforts are important, and therefore best to leave them undisturbed.

Taking Advantage of the Spring Awakenings

Of course, as the animals and pests come out of hibernation, humans also tend to want to get outside more and enjoy their homes. You can always seek advice or help from a local pest expert or animal control if they are feeling like a nuisance or threat. Otherwise, you can sit back in the sun and enjoy watching life evolving outside your door.

Editor’s Note

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“Love is in the air…everywhere I look around!” As I envision John Paul Young singing those lyrics in the 1970s, he likely did not have Valentine’s Day in Princeton on his mind. But it sure fits the scene. As we lead up to the famous day of love, it’s a great time to write about it. Whether you’re madly in love yourself or not, there’s lots of ways to love and be loved. And if you are not experiencing it yet, the February issue of Princeton Perspectives has you Feeling the Love Around Princeton!

To get people thinking about one of the most emblematic moments of love, we stopped by local shops in downtown Princeton and asked owners and employees, what romantic spot around Princeton do you think is perfect for a proposal? It was already on the minds of some, far from mind for others, but everyone has a soft spot for love! Check out this month’s Pulse of Princeton to see what they suggest.

Beyond a love for one another, people in this area also have deep passion for, well, the area! From food to sites and of course, the people, there is a lot to love about Princeton. To get you up to speed, we share insights from laymen to leaders in the article, What is it That People Love About Princeton?

If you haven’t quite found love yet, don’t fret! You’re not alone. And if digital dating has you down, read on. In the article Speed Dating, Set-ups and More. Searching for Love Around Mercer County our guest writer delves into the single’s scene from a first-hand perspective. The things that can drag you down, have inspired her to help others. Read on for the scoop!

Speaking of scoop, there is nothing more deeply personal than a love letter, is there? And what about love letters, uncovered between people that we know about for vastly different reasons? In the article Love in Letters: To the Women in Their Lives, as Written by Albert Einstein and T.S. Eliot we peek into letters uncovered, written to the loves they left behind.

If you want to look forward, not back, it is important to put in the work. Love is rewarding but it doesn’t come easy. So, we brought in the heavy weights for the article, A Couple’s Therapist Weighs In: What Does it Take to Make Love Last? From young to old, there are tips and actions to keep your spark strong.

Our Perspectives Revisited steers away from our love theme, as we update you on stories we’ve covered in the past. These include what’s being done to enhance safety on the roadways to project completion updates for Princeton Public Schools. You can stay up to date here!

Does this issue spark the romantic inside of you? Whether it’s a love for something or someone, we hope our thoughts, tips and insight help you get out and seek, find or share that love!

Pulse of Princeton: What romantic spot around Princeton is perfect for a proposal?

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What is it That People Love About Princeton?

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Princeton is an attractive town, for a variety of reasons. In general, people tend to love the university town for the beauty of its campus, the robust town center, and its geographic location situated halfway between New York and Philadelphia. For those who live here, they often come for a job, post-graduate work or the schools. But once they arrive, they tend to find there are many reasons to stay.

What are some of Princeton’s strongest attractions? We put out a survey and asked our locals to tell us what they love most. From leaders to layman, many shared their thoughts. Whether it is food or drink, outdoor spaces or the deep history, there are a variety of reasons this town is loved.

“What truly makes Princeton special is its people,” shares Christopher Tash, Chief of Police at Princeton Police Department. “They are warm, welcoming, and very engaged in the community. Princeton offers something for everyone—whether it’s walking the Princeton University campus, shopping at local stores, or dining at the many restaurants. Having lived here when I was younger and being a part of the community my entire life, I can confidently say Princeton is a wonderful town and community.”

It is the people that contribute most to making the town and community, and 21% of locals that responded to our survey indicated it is the diversity of those people that makes Princeton most unique and special. People come here from around the world, often to learn or work in industries such as pharmaceutical, education or sci-tech. Beyond those transplanted for a job, there are immigrants, both documented and undocumented, who come to be near others from their former communities. This population brings with it diversity of thought, socioeconomics, education, ethnic influences and more. Due to the presence of Princeton University, Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton Theological Seminary, town tends to be filled with brilliant minds. Many love that about Princeton! These geniuses could be anywhere and most just go about their day, like everyone else. As one respondent said, “You can stand in line and be next to a Nobel Laureate!”

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The university town, to many, also offers a small town feel with the bonus of city-type amenities. The opportunity of having much within walking distance and plenty to see and do, has many loving Princeton.

“For us we love that it is walkable, and it is safe for families. High schoolers like to gather with friends. There is always something to do, watch or participate in and around town. People are kind and town is small,” a local expressed.

Walking around in the less inundated areas of town are also a highlight to many. Whether it’s just around one’s neighborhood or to the local recreation areas like Grover Park. Princetonians also love heading into the natural areas like Herrontown Woods, Witherspoon Woods or Pettoranello Gardens.

Such activity outdoors can make one quite hungry, and locals have their go-to restaurants and eateries for sure. Conte’s topped the list with many loving their pizza pies. Blue Point Grill is also a favorite, from the oysters to the Chilean sea bass and grilled shrimp. Their sides are also beloved. One thing is for sure, our readers love the ethnic variety of cuisine around town including Thai, Indian and Latin American.

“I am a dedicated foodie who loves to indulge in new culinary experiences. Some of my guilty go-tos in Princeton include Cross Culture, Nomad, Conte’s, and yes, in the great ice cream debate, I am a the Bent Spoon fan. I love to marry salty and sweet flavors,” shares Princeton Public Schools Interim Superintendent, Kathie Foster.

If it’s just a drink one is craving, Small World Coffee seems to have a market on options that satisfy. Coffee, Scarlet Palmer Iced Tea, Iced London Fog and the hot chocolate are some of the most loved. Hot chocolate, either regular or spicy, is also a hit from the Bent Spoon. When it comes to adult beverages, Kristine’s is a top choice for its Cosmopolitan, French Martini and French 75. Some also love the beers at Triumph and the sangria made at Mediterra.

If one is in town, they might also take a moment to stop at their favorite shop. Princeton Record Exchange is loved for its selection of music and new vinyl options. jaZams, whether for gifts or just fun, is another top choice. For more gift choices (for both oneself and others!), our survey respondents shared they love to go to Dandelion, Toobydoo, The Museum Store, Princeton Makes, Faherty and Homestead.

But what about when others come to visit? Besides the great downtown, what is the #1 place our readers recommend visitors go? 45% of respondents said it must be Princeton University.

“Enter Princeton University’s Campus at the Nassau Hall entrance. Meander, read monuments, and take a moment to meditate at the breath-taking Princeton Chapel,” shared a resident.

The beautiful campus, Nassau Hall itself and notably Princeton University Art Museum (when it reopens) are also of strongest suggestion. Additionally, there are off-campus sites that enhance the municipality that many love to share when one comes to town, such as the homes of Albert Einstein and Paul Robeson, as well as McCarter Theatre.

“Princeton is an amazing place; it is full of culture, has a lively atmosphere, and is surrounded by natural beauty,” says Princeton Symphony Orchestra Conductor and Musical Director, Rossen Milanov. “I look forward to the Princeton Festival on the grounds of Morven Museum & Garden each June.”

Morven, former home of Richard Stockton, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and then to five New Jersey governors, is an historic site that is unique to Princeton. In this town, there are many other locations and stories that also help it stand apart. Nearly 25% of those that responded to our survey shared Princeton Battlefield is the historic spot they love most. Site of the Battle of Princeton and a turning point of the American Revolution, there are monuments to read there, reenactments through the year and the original home of Thomas Clarke. Locals also shared some lesser-known chronicles of the past that they love about Princeton.

“I love learning about the African American history of Princeton. Beyond Paul Robeson, I don’t think enough people are aware of Black Princeton history,” one stated. Another reminds us of “the story behind the stars below certain Princeton University campus dorm windows commemorating alumni who died serving our country.”

Beyond the sites and stories like those mentioned, available to all, there are also the personal histories that are created by those who have spent a lifetime in Princeton. Princeton Council President Mia Sacks is a 3rd generation Princetonian. It is her family’s lineage and what has been experienced here that creates an unbreakable love of Princeton for her.

“Because my family’s history has been so shaped by this town, living in Princeton is a frequently nostalgic, sometimes bittersweet, experience for me. I have memories going back to childhood on almost every street. My grandmother loved trees and many of the ones she planted around town are still thriving. When I drive along Washington Road, it reminds me of the magical hospital fete that happened in June every year, and I miss it. I also miss all the family-owned shops along Nassau Street that no longer exist,” Sacks recalls. “One thing I appreciate about our town is that people do not dress ostentatiously. I have clogs from Hulits and wool sweaters from Landaus that I bought decades ago, and still wear.”

And she is likely not the only one! Maybe you can pull out your old clogs or sweater this winter next time you head out for your favorite bite, for a walk in the woods or simply to experience all one could love about Princeton.

Love in Letters: To the Women in Their Lives, as Written by Albert Einstein and T.S. Eliot

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Ah! The art of a love letter! When was the last time you took out pen and paper, to share your deepest thoughts with the one you love? There is a passion that can only transcend in this form. Today, it’s likely Facetime that keeps long distance lovers connected and with the loss of cursive teachings these days, what would a love letter even look like between two paramours from Gen Z?

Today’s young lovebirds might use emojis or social media acronyms like ICYMI (In Case You Missed It) or YOLO (You Only Live Once) while messaging through SnapChat. While meant to be private, salvaged love notes from the past offer deep insight into the times, relationships and more. Will someone be able to access SnapChat, Instagram or even read old text messages 80 years from now? There certainly will be little stored from Facetime conversations to have an historic recording of what was being shared between two loves today. While we are always reminded of the digital trail one can leave, there is a wonder if love messages from 2025 will be accessible in the future or whether the art form is lost in the past.

The written love letter, permanently noted by hand or typed onto paper, saved and later discovered, has provided insight into loves and so much more from the past. Two such love-stories with Princeton connections were long kept secret but shared in recent years with the public through their own words, providing intimate looks into these highly recognized lovers. Meant to be burned, letters from once-Princeton local, Institute for Advanced Study’s faculty member and Nobel Prize-winning physicist Albert Einstein, share a side often not seen by the public. Additionally, the heartfelt words of Nobel Laureate poet and former unofficial artist in residence at Princeton’s Institute for Advanced Study, T.S. Eliot, provide an otherwise possibly unknown peek into his inspiration.

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THE RELATIONSHIPS REVEALED

The Einstein letters, written to his lover Margarita Konenkova, reveal someone who truly cares about another, who wants to share the daily ins-and-outs of his life and spend cherished time together. Six (of many) letters were given by Konenkova to Marjorie Bishop (then her neighbor) with strict instructions, that unless claimed by 1955, Bishop had sole authority as to their disposal. Bishop even wrote a note, instructing in 1960, in the case of her death, the letter contents in the box were to be burned. But they were not. Instead, 20 years after receipt, it appears Bishop changed her mind and gave them to psychoanalyst Muriel Gardiner in 1969. She wanted them preserved and sent them the Sigmund Freud Archives for safe keeping. To do that, the archives placed them in the care of Library of Congress where, 50 years later, they were opened and today they remain.

The 50-year span was an effort to ensure that the secret love affair, known to few, not be revealed while Einstein, Konenkova and any of their younger relatives were still alive. Why? At least partially because Konenkova was still married, though arguably quite lonely. She and Einstein met when her sculptor husband was commissioned to create a bust of Einstein. In 2019, the world was finally exposed to six never-before-seen passionate love letters from Albert Einstein to Margarita Konenkova, dating back to 1944.

Courtesy: Emily Hale Letters from T. S. Eliot; Manuscripts Division, Department of Special Collections, Princeton University Library

Letters written from T.S. Eliot to Emily Hale similarly share deep affection, warmth and a desire to truly know each other. The letters also faced restrictions as they were barred from release until 50 years after Eliot or Hale’s death, whichever came later. Hale passed in 1969 and in 2020 the letters were revealed at Princeton University’s Firestone Library. They were personally donated there by Hale herself. In this instance, 1,131 letters written by Eliot between 1930 and 1957 remain available for research. All correspondence back from Hale are gone, burned by Eliot, but the collection does include letters Hale wrote to others, detailing their relationship as well as including photographs and other memorabilia.

Through it all we learn Hale and Eliot met in the Boston area in 1912. She was a speech and drama teacher at Simmons, Scripps and Smith Colleges while he was a graduate student at Harvard University. They reconnected in 1922 when she visited London, and he confessed his affection towards her (he was still married but estranged. His wife suffered severe mental illness and as a strong Christian, he would not divorce her). Hale claims she did not reciprocate the feelings at that time.

“You are always with me in imagination in these ways, at night and morning and during the day, and even when I am saying these things that you cannot agree with. During these recent months I have been much tormented on your account,” Eliot wrote in a 1936 correspondence. The letters in this collection display a strong emotional relationship, that at first was mostly one-sided but later became mutual. Mostly written while Eliot was abroad in England, the contents reveal that Hale was his muse and sheds an incredible amount of light on the references and words used in Eliot’s works over the years. It was learned, in a statement to Princeton University Librarian William Dix, upon donating the letters, that it was in the mid-1930s, Hale began to reciprocate Eliot’s passion. His wife had been committed to an institution, so he spent summers visiting Hale. She reveals, in her statement, that she had hoped to marry him (once his wife passed, which happened in the mid-1940s). To the surprise of many, that did not happen. Instead of choosing his muse, in 1947 he married another woman in England and wrote no further poems.

WHAT THE LETTERS SAY

Copyright: The Albert Einstein Archives, Hebrew University

The original letters written by Einstein to Konenkova were written in his native tongue, German. A Library of Congress volunteer translated them into English, allowing the public to further review, study and feel their connection. Josh Levy, Historian of Science and Technology at Library of Congress explained along with archivist Rachel McNellis in the 2023 blog Unfolding History, Love and Intrigue at Princeton: Newly Opened Letters from Einstein’s Love Affair with Margarita Konenkova that “The letters alternate between big ideas and the human scale of everyday life. In one, Einstein expresses his excitement for Konenkova’s upcoming birthday, but also insists that ‘birthday parties are stupid bourgeois affairs.’ In another, he retreats from his disdain for birthday celebrations, noting how thrilled he was when colleagues Peter and Margot Bergmann gave him Vivaldi concerti for his own birthday – even if it meant he needed to learn to play the violin again.”

Through Einstein’s letters to Konenkova you can feel a strong love as he shares some of his deepest thoughts. He details the “Half-Nest,” an area in his home where he liked to enjoy time with Konenkova when she would visit. The letters at Firestone Library represent only a portion of those that were written. In conjunction with others stored at Konenkova Memorial Museum in Moscow and some sold in auction by Sotheby’s in 1998, there is rumor that Konenkova was more than just a loving participant and possibly a Soviet spy. In a letter written in 1945, Einstein speaks of his conversations about atomic weapons, just after Hiroshima and Nagasaki had been bombed. Nothing secretive is revealed but were these and other similar conversations leaked back to the Soviets? Researchers don’t believe so, but one may never know!

Beyond their love affair, Einstein writes about visits with brilliant minds and friends Robert Oppenheimer, Bertrand Russell, Wolfgang Pauli and Kurt Gödel. To him, it is just another day, but to the reader today it is a glimpse into a life most can’t relate to. Each note begins with “Dearest Margarita!” and ends signed, “A.E.”

Copyright: The Albert Einstein Archives, Hebrew University

From the mundane to the emotional, here are some examples of other things Einstein shared in his letters:

January 4, 1944: “My flu is much better but not completely over yet. I think, however, that I will be able to get up tomorrow.”

Jan 31, 1944: “I am very much looking forward to your visit and everything we will experience and do together. Be greeted and kissed by your A. E.”

March 15, 1944: “As always, I was at the institute this morning and drew my scrawls onto the blackboard and Pauli was there too. I found out about some really beautiful things and that was the true and real birthday present.” He also added, “In the afternoon after the traditional sojourn in the Nest – unfortunately alone.”

Sept. 13, 1945: “I read the brochure of a colleague about the atomic bomb that triggered my honest admiration. I realize that local physicists are against keeping experiences permanently secret because they feel that this would poison the political atmosphere and might cause new war risks. All these are welcome signs, so one doesn’t have to be too pessimistic.”

In the final letter of this collection, also dated Sept. 13, 1945, Einstein implies Konenkova is torn, though of exactly what, it is not clear. He promises to be there for her, no matter her choice. “But I assure of one thing. If you will choose the hard way I will act in a way that you will not experience any pain, even if you would search with an opera-glass that can look through everything. At younger ages I could not have made such a promise because nature’s power can’t be overcome by will, at least not unpunished. But it is different with a plant in late fall, strict ruling can only be good. You can rest assured in this regard.”

Courtesy: Emily Hale Letters from T. S. Eliot; Manuscripts Division, Department of Special Collections, Princeton University Library

Upon studying the Eliot collection, those who know his work can note connections between the intimacy of Eliot and Hale reflected in his mid to late pieces. No one can clearly understand why Eliot chose not to marry Hale in the end, who appears to have wanted to further their relationship. But it is clear that the years in which he clamored for her affection and those they shared time together embellished his creative genius.

Before one delves into the details, it is obvious the sheer number of words and thoughts that are put into each letter are monstrous. His letters were formal and long when written on a typewriter, but sometimes when a typewriter wasn’t available, he hand-wrote shorter notes just to stay connected. Even on the typed letters, Eliot took care to handwrite her name and sign his. Much like the letters from Einstein, Eliot’s intimate thoughts are shared in combination with details of where he went, who he is seeing and what needs to be done. It can be fascinating to read his hopes and desires, from the mundane to the grand.

Courtesy: Emily Hale Letters from T. S. Eliot; Manuscripts Division, Department of Special Collections, Princeton University Library

One wishes for more moments they have together, as Eliot writes often of his travels, including plans to visit Hale or have her come visit him. Some examples of other things Eliot shared in his letters include:

Aug 2, 1934: “You also know perfectly well that I would literally give my eyesight to be able to marry you. Though unworthy of such happiness. I admit that I love you more intensely and appreciatively than ever – though at no time in the past would this have seemed to me possible – and probably this process will go on. But, my love, my love, what do you think I CAN do?”

Jan. 3, 1935: “I believe it would be better for Vivienne if she could be committed to an institution, but in this country, it is very difficult to restrain anyone’s liberty…I should think that eventually she was bound to get into financial difficulties.”

Nov. 4, 1938: “It always pains me to think of much greater advantages I have than you in the way of daily life: it is only the problem of how to get a restful holiday that seems equally insoluble for both of us. That, however, makes the arrangement of your winters all the more important. How I wish I could look after both for you! But this is a thought so poignant that I do not allow my mind to dwell on it – yet it is perhaps a good thing to express it now and then.”

Jan. 11, 1951: “I have been trying to work out a provisional scheme for a play, and to settle on my characters and their relations enough to sketch a few scenes. But success with one play does not seem to increase my confidence in approaching another, but rather the contrary…”

HOW TO READ MORE

There is so much said between the couples through the years of correspondence, we don’t have time or space to get into it all. But it is clear they both had strong relationships, often yearned for each other and were true confidants.

If you want to read more, the letters from T.S. Eliot are available for viewing at the Special Collections Reading Room inside Princeton University’s Firestone Library. They are available to anyone that has a school or government issued ID. More detailed information on how to register and request the materials for viewing in person can be found here, on the Princeton University Library website. You can also request digital access to the Emily Hale Letters from T.S. Eliot (C0686) by creating a guest Special Collections Research Account that will provide access to navigate through the selected letters which have been digitized.

To get a closer look at six of the letters Einstein wrote to Konenkova, you can also go in person and see them at Library of Congress in Washington DC. Simply request this collection at the reference desk in the Manuscript Division. If not local, you can contact them for digital versions.

And thank goodness for such digitization! With SnapChat as the dominant means of communication for young lovebirds today, it is unlikely much will be salvaged to share anything about today’s hot, secret love affairs with future generations. It is a deep contrast to the detailed love letters by Einstein and Eliot! Luckily, the advancements in technology allow archivists to store the old letters for years to come, storing them digitally as well, so hopefully they will continue to be available 80 years from now for the romantic that seeks to read them.